MOTM · MOTM Mentoring · Evolving Mentoring (Theoretical Framework)

Evolving Mentoring – Theoretical Framework

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Mentoring is changing. Traditional “mentor teaches, mentee listens” models are no longer enough — especially in diverse, multicultural sport environments. Today, mentoring must be flexible, learner-centred, and respectful of different life experiences.

In Mentor on the Move, mentoring is not one-directional support. It is shared growth, shared learning, and shared empowerment. Mentors and mentees build skills together, learn from each other’s backgrounds, and create trust through movement, wellbeing, and communication.

For women and girls with migrant backgrounds, the right mentoring approach can:

  • Boost confidence and belonging
  • Reduce barriers and isolation
  • Support language and cultural navigation
  • Strengthen identity, leadership, and participation in sport
  • Build long-term inclusion and community connection

Evolving mentoring is not a trend — it is a necessity for fair and culturally sensitive sport systems.

Theoretical Framework

1 Mentoring as a Developmental Relationship

Mentoring is a structured, developmental relationship between a mentor and a mentee. Traditional mentoring often focuses on transferring knowledge from mentor to mentee, following hierarchical patterns. MOTM shifts this dynamic toward collaborative, reciprocal learning, where both participants bring knowledge, perspectives, and strengths.

Meaning for practice: design sessions that invite both voices; alternate who leads; reflect together after activities.
2 Inclusion as a Foundational Principle

MOTM is designed for culturally diverse contexts, particularly involving migrant and refugee women and girls. Inclusive mentoring explicitly recognises systemic barriers (e.g., language, cultural unfamiliarity, discrimination, economic factors) and works to remove these barriers, ensuring equitable participation and belonging.

Meaning for practice: anticipate barriers (language, cost, transport, childcare); provide options (women-only sessions, modest clothing guidance); keep feedback channels safe and multilingual.
3 Sport and Physical Activity as Tools for Mentoring and Inclusion

Sport is not just an “activity” in MOTM — it is a core method. Shared movement creates informal, low-threshold spaces where hierarchies soften, trust builds through shared experiences, cultural and language barriers can be bridged nonverbally, and access to community networks (through sports clubs and groups) becomes tangible.

This is why linking mentoring to existing sports club activities is central: it embeds inclusion into local structures rather than creating parallel systems.

Meaning for practice: begin with low-pressure movement (walks, stretching, beginner classes); use club partnerships to create sustainable pathways.
4 Stakeholder Collaboration

Inclusive mentoring involves three key stakeholders with interdependent roles:

Mentors – relational facilitators, allies, and cultural bridges; Mentees (actors) – active participants shaping their journey; Coordinators – structural enablers ensuring accessibility, partnerships with clubs, and programme quality.

Meaning for practice: clarify responsibilities, provide mentor training, and maintain active links with inclusive clubs.

From Traditional to Inclusive Mentoring

In MOTM, inclusive mentoring means moving from a mainly mentor-led model toward a shared journey. Mentors act as allies, mentees as active participants in their development, and coordinators as enablers who create inclusive structures and sport club pathways. Sport and physical activity are not extras — they are practical tools for trust-building, inclusion, and sustained participation.

Note: The comparison below describes common tendencies. In practice, programmes may include elements of both approaches.

Key Aspect
More Traditional Mentoring
Inclusive Mentoring (MOTM)
Relationship Dynamic

Often mentor-led, with guidance flowing mainly from mentor to mentee.

🟡Mentor shares advice based on their experience and suggests a pathway for the mentee.

Collaborative and based on mutual learning; power is more shared through dialogue and activity.

🟢Mentor and mentee join a light sport session and reflect together on what felt useful.
Approach to Differences

Uses broadly standard methods; adaptation may happen, but not always systematically.

🟡Most mentees receive a similar session format and communication style.

Differences are actively considered; mentors adapt style and activities, with coordinator support.

🟢Mentor uses clear language, checks comfort levels, and selects suitable activity settings.
Focus of Mentoring

Strong focus on orientation, practical guidance, and navigating existing systems.

🟡Sessions prioritise understanding local systems and expectations.

Focuses on agency, belonging, confidence, and reducing barriers to participation.

🟢Mentee sets a personal participation goal and uses activity to build confidence and connection.
Opportunity & Access

Access can depend on existing networks and informal matching.

🟡Pairing often happens through available contacts and existing relationships.

Access is intentionally widened through outreach, transparent matching, and club links.

🟢Coordinators map inclusive options and support first visits with mentors.
Mentor’s Role

Adviser and role model, often helping set direction.

🟡Mentor recommends next steps based on prior experience.

Ally and facilitator; supports mentee-defined goals and decision-making.

🟢Mentor asks what the mentee wants to try first, then helps plan realistic steps.
Mentee’s (Actor’s) Role

Primarily receives guidance and responds to mentor input.

🟡Mentee follows a mentor-suggested plan for the first phase.

Active participant and co-creator; expresses goals, preferences, and pace.

🟢Mentee proposes outdoor sessions first, then transitions to club activities when ready.
Coordinator’s Role

Often administrative and variable, depending on programme design and resources.

🟡Coordinator focuses on matching pairs and periodic check-ins.

Strategic enabler: supports quality, mentor learning, safeguarding, and club partnerships.

🟢Coordinator provides support tools, partner links, and structured participation pathways.
Use of Sport & Activity

Activity may be optional or occasional, depending on mentor style and context.

🟡Sessions are mainly conversation-based, with occasional joint activity.

Sport and movement are intentional mentoring methods for trust, confidence, and inclusion.

🟢Mentor and mentee use low-threshold activities (walks, dance, swimming, beginner classes) as part of the plan.

🪞 Reflection

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What one structural change (coordinator), one relational change (mentor), and one personal step (mentee/actor) will you prioritise in the first month?